Method of forming joints in metal.



A. I. METHOD OF FORMING JOINTS IN METAL.

. APPLICATION FiLED OCT. 2, 190a.

R'IETZEL.

Patented Oct 17, 1911 WIFNESSES: M05421 1 m M 9 *I/E m m Wf f l 1 1 M W V 1M of Massachusetts. (with post-ollicc address,

Ultlltilihllj @lilhlT GFFIGE.

MWLIPII I EIETZElIi, l LYNN, hlIhSSACl-HISETTIL ASSXGNOR, MESNE ASSIGNMENTS,

if? TEHQMSOL ELECTRIC WELDING Cfil lil itlhl ii', 01*? LYNN, M...,'%S1LCHUSETTS, A. COB.-

Specification of Letters. Patent.

Application tiled octo'ber f2,

Fatentcd Got. 17?, 1911..

Sorta IEO. 337,137.

To wi e/om may con-cam;

Bo it known that l, .itnocrii if. liiia'rznn, a citiricn of the United Fitates. and a r. lent of Lynn. in the county of and State Lynn, luiassachusctts,) have invented cortain now and useful ltniproiuaments in Methods of Forming- Joints in Metal, of which the following is a spocification.

My invention relates to methods of "forming joints in metal. work and has for its object to provide a. method 'lil'lfilullj/ onc piece of metal may be united to another by a pr"- t'ectl tight and homogeneous union and in a simple. cheap and ett'cclivo manner.

My invention is especially useful in form. ing joints inshcet metal, although it may be employed in uniting pieces of metal. to one another in cases where one or both of the. pieces are of heavier gage or thickness than would loo ordinarily incliuled uudcr the term sheet. metal.

A. lar a field of utility for my invention is found in the manufacture of household utensils, in which field it may be employed. among other things, in uniting tho handles or spouts of shoot metal wart to tho holly ot the utensil.

Briefly stated, my invention consists in the iinproyed method of forminga joint in metal work by pro-"ding onc or both of the picccs oi metal to be united with an upturncd edge, abutting the edge of thc upturned portion against the portion of thc opposito piece with which thc union is to he :t'ori'ucd, applying pressure in the general. direction of the plant'- of the, up turncd portion and passing hcating electric current. than the material in the numeral di "cction ottlic apnliccl pressure.

Another part of my invention consists in uniting picccs oi? metal together on planes which. generally s 'iealciun'. arc transverse. to onc another. by providing the. one piece. with a tiango formed with a contacting projection or projections abutting the projections upon the metal surface with which union is to he formed. applying; pressure to tho tiangre in a lino transverse to tho piano of said tlan o c and passing heating electric current. through the. metal in the dircction oi? the pressure.

My invention further consists in an improved method of securing a sl snctal M ou tube to a metal surface by provid "g the end of the tube with an annular flange hav ing one or more contacting projcctions extending from the flange transversely to the piano thereof, abutting said flange with its projections against the metal surface with which union is to be. made. ap nying pressuro to the flange in a line transverse to the plane of said flange and passing heating elcctric current through the flange in-the direction of the pressure.

lily invention consists further in. the spc cialdetailed modifications or variations of the process more. particularly hereinafter described and specified in the claims.

in the accompanying i'lrawings, Figure 1 shows in section two pieces of metal adapted for union by my improved method and in place in a prcssur applying and current supplying dcvicc. Fig. 2 shows the some two pieces in plan ViOW. Fig. 3 shows the pieces at the completion of thproccss in horizontal section. Fig. 4: shows in section two pieces of mortal, one of which only is ospcciall prepared for union to the. other and in place between the tucssure applying and. current supplying device. Fig. 5 isa plan of the prepared piece. Fig. 6 shows the. two picccs after the completion of the process and in a section on the line 1 1, Fig. 1. Fig. Y illustrates the application of my invention to uniting the metal tulic at its end to another piece of metal.. Fig. 8 is an cod View of the tubular piecc. 9 shows two picccs of metal at the completion of the process. Fig. 10 is a. side elevation showing modifications in the form of tho upturned edge of the flange. Fig. ll. illus trates a modification suitable for use in the attachment of metal tuloos and other metal bodies in the case of spouts l asterwd'to tho bodies of sheet. metal utensils.

in the various figures of the drawings, B and B indicate prcssuro blocks or pieces of any machine adapted to apply pressure to the work when located between them and also adapted to supply a hcating electric curront which will pass from one of said hlocks or electrodes to tho other for the purpose of bringing the work to the desired plastic or welding condition. As thcre arc n'ian v forms of machine which might. be. (employed and as the form or shape of the blocks may be varied at will and according to the nature of the work, the same will not be described any further'in detail.

-In Figs. 1 and 2 the work is shown as consisting of two pieces of metal A, A to be united end to end. One or both of said pieces preparatory to the actual welding operation is provided with an upturned edge a or a adapted when the pieces of metal are inserted, as shown in Fig. 1, be-' tween the ressure and current supplying devices B, ll, to abut at the edge of its upturned portion against the opposite piece or against the edge of a similar upturned portion on the other. In the case of sheet metahthis upturned edge may be obviously nrovided by deforming or bending the metal while in the case of heavier pieces of metal it may be provided in other ways. The line of the upturned edge is on the line a m, Fig. 2. Said upturned edge might be, as indicated in the case of the tubular piece Fig. 10, serrated or so formed as to engage the surface to which it is applied on a number of points, thereby localizing the heating by the electric current in the initial stages of the operation. Said piece or pieces having been placed in position as shown in Fig. 1 between the blocks B, B pressure is applied in the general direction of the plane of the upturned portion of the edge of A or A and heating electric current in sufiicient amount is passed from one block B to the other 13 or vice versa, thus heating the projection or projections 11.. a to welding temperature, the final result be ing by the combined application of the pressure and heating current that two pieces are firmly united along the line 1, 1, Fig. 2 and as indicated in Fig. 3.-

In the modification shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6, one of the pieces A only is provided with the upturned edge a and such upturned edge may extend around to the side of the piece'A as shown more clearly'in Fig. 5. In this case the piece A may represent the handle of a sheet metal household utensil which is to be united to the body of the utensil,.the edge portion of which body is indicated at A. A. completion of the operation in the manner already described results in the union of the one piece to the other with the surfaces in close contact and with a complete union along the line of the upturned edge of the piece A.

In Figs. 7, 8 and 9, the one piece A is shown as tubular. This tubular portion may be .a hollow handle of a sheet metal utensil or might be a spout. The opposite piece A may be the body of the utensil at the point where the union is to be effected.-

In this case the piece A, whose general plane is transverse to the plane of A is provided with a flange C which, in the case of a tube A, would be an annular flange.

The flange Q is provided with an upturned edge a preparatory to its insertion into the machine and said upturned edge a being abutted against the piece or sheet A, pressure is applied by the suitably formed pressure block B as indicated by the arrow in a line transverse to the plane of the flange and in the general direction of the upturned portion of the edge of the flange, heating electric current being passed also from one blocker piece B to the op osite block or piece B as already explaine the final result of the pressure and heating is the formation of the union or metal joint between A and A and as illustrated in Fig 9. Obviously, the upturned edge a instead of being continuous might be interrupted or serrated as indicated in Fig. 10.

In those cases where it is desired to fasten a sheet metal tube to a sheet metal body, as for instance, a spent to the body of a sheet metal utensil, the contacting projection instead of being an upturned continuous or discontinuous edge of the flange as already described may, as illustrated in Fig. 11, consist of a series of projections or indentations formed in the surface of the flange itself or might bea continuous or annular projection formed in said flange.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. The improved method of forming a joint in metal work by providing one of the pieces of metal to be united with an upturned edge projecting transversely to the plane of the piece to which it is to be jointed, abutting the edge of the upturned portion against the portion of the opposite piece with which the union is to be formed, applying pressure in the general direction of the plane of the upturned portion and passing heating electric current through the upturned edges in the general direction of the applied pressure.

2. The method of forming a joint in sheet metal by upturning an, edge of a metal sheet, abutting the edge of the upturned portion transversely against a plane surface of the piece with which the union is to he formed, applying pressure in the general direction of the plane of the upturned portion and passing heating electric current through the lip-turned edge in the direction of the pressure.

3. The-method of forming a joint between two pieces of sheet metal, consistin informing an upturned edge on one of sai pieces. placing an upturned edge of one piece in engagement with the other piece and transversely to the plane of said piece, pressing the pieces together in the general direction of the plane of the upturned portion and passing heating electric current through the up-turncd edge in the direction of such pressure.

4. The herein described method of unit ing two pieces of metal togetherin planes rooaeeo transverse to one another, consisting in pro viding one of said pieces with a flange formed with a contacting projection abutting the projection of said flange upon the metal surface wvith which union is to he formed, applying pressure to the flange in' J14 conta -ing PIUJQCUOIIS pro ectlng transversely to the plane of the flange, applying the flange to the surface is to be forined, passing heating electric current through the contact PIOJCCUUDS and sub ecting the parts to mechanical pressure applied in adirection transverse to the plane of the flange.

with which union 1 6. The herein described method of se- 7 curing a sheet metal tuhe to a eheet metal body by providing the end of the tube with an annular flange having an upturned edge, applying the flanged edge to a plane surface of the body with which union is to he made and with the upturned edge in contact therewith and then passing an electric current through the tip-turned edge and the 30 sheet metal body with which it is in contact and subjecting the parts to pressure applied in a direction transverse to a plane of the flange.

Signed at Lynn, in the county of Essex 35 and State of Mass. this 14th day of Sept. A. I). 1906.

v ADOLPH I RIETZEL.

Vt'itnesses:

Ana J. Xicnons,

Airriuin L. USHER. 

